DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE CLASS VI to X Topic STANDARD VI 1. Applied Biology 1: The World of Plants 1.1 Medicinal plants 1.2 Plants as Food 1.3 Fiber yielding plants 1.4 Ornamental plants 1.5 Timber yielding plants 1.6 Spices 1.7 Animals and their uses Periods STANDARD VII 1: Animals in Daily Life 1.1 Uses of animals 1.2 Animal products (Food, Clothing, etc.,) 1.3 Animal Fibers 1.4 Sericulture 1.5 Apiculture 1.6 Poultry 1.7 Animal protection and maintenance – 14 STANDARD VIII 1: Crop Protection and Management 1.1 Agricultural practices 1.2 Basic practices of crop protection 1.3 Preparation of soil and sowing 1.4 Irrigation 1.5 Protection from weeds 1.6 Harvesting. 1.7 Storage 1.8 Marketing 1.9 Rotation of crops 1.10Biotechnology in Agriculture 1.11 Biotechnology in food processing 16 STANDARD IX STANDARD X 1: Improvement in 1: Heredity and Food Resources Evolution 1.1 Improvement in crop yields 1.1 Heredity 1.2 Nutrient management 1.2 Variations 1.3 Uses of manures and 1.3 Evolution fertilizers 1.4 Speciation 1.4 Protection from pests and 1.5 Human evolution diseases 1.6 Evolution tree 1.5 Hybridization in Plants 1.7 Genetic engineering and animals 1.8 Bio technology and 1.6 Animal husbandry cloning 1.7 Poultry farming 1.9 Stem cell-Organ culture 1.8 Pisciculture, 1.10 Microbial production. 1.9 Apiculture 1.11 Biosensor – Bio chips 1.10 Aquaculture 1.12 Science today – Gene Therapy 20 14 14 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic 2. Health and Hygiene Periods 3. My Body STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII 2. Food Habits 2: Nutrition in 2.1.Food variety Plants and 2.1.1 Food materials and Animals sources 2.1 Mode of nutrition 2.1.2 Plant and animal in plants products used as 2.2 Autotrophic and food heterotrophic 2.1.3 Nutrition nutrition 2.1.4 Types of nutrition 2.2.1 Photosynthesis 2.1.5 Food habits of 2.2.2 Other modes of animals nutrition in plants 2.2 Components of 2.3 Nutrition in Food 2.2.1 Nutrients animals (carbohydrates, 2.4 Nutrition in proteins, vitamins, amoeba fats and minerals) 2.5 Human digestive 2.2.2. Need of various system nutrients 2.5.1Types of teeth 2.2.3. Balanced diet 2.6 Ruminants 2.2.4. Deficiency and diseases STANDARD IX STANDARD X 2: Reaching the Age of 2: Addiction and Healthy Life 2: Immune Adolescence Style System 2.1 Adolescence and 2.1 Addictions 2.1 Health and its puberty 2.2 Kinds of addictions— significance 2.2 Secondary sexual drug, alcohol, smoking, 2.2 Diseases and causes characters substance abuse) 2.3 Diseases caused by 2.3 Ductless glands 2.3 Prevention of addiction microbes and 2.4 Role of hormones in 2.4 Healthy Life style – prevention reproduction Prevention of Heart 2.4 Modes of transmission 2.5 Reproductive phase of Diseases, Obesity 2.5 Immunization life in human 2.6 Treatment and 2.6 Sex determination prevention 2.7 Reproductive Health 2.7 Biotechnology in 2.7.1 Nutritional needs Medicine 2.7.2 Personal hygiene 2.8 HIV and Prevention 2.7.3 Prevention and protection from sexual and other abuse 2.7.4 Smoking hazards. 2.7.5. Sprouting 2.7.6. Cancer and Prevention 16 3: Human Body – Form 3: Body & Function Movements 3.1 Brief overview of human body— 3.1 Human body and its structure & functions movements of all the Human 3.2 Joints and types of organ systems joints 3.2 The body & health as 3.3 Skeleton 16 10 15 3: Human Body – 3: Structure & Function of Organ System the Human Body – Organ 3.1 Skin System 3.2 Musculoskeletal system 3.1 Nervous system 3.3 Digestive system 3.2 Endocrine system 3.4 Excretory system 3.3 Cell division 3.5 Circulatory system Stages of Meiosis 3.6 Respiratory system 3.4 Heredity 15 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic Periods 4. World of Plants STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII understood in the Indian system of health care 3.3 Diseases, Disorders and preventing Diabetes Mellitus 3.3.1Advantages of physical activity 3.4 Preservation of food 3.4.1 Methods of preservation (heating, freezing, drying and adding preservatives). 3.4.2 Fast food – its ill effects 3.5 Science today – Irradiated food 3.4 Movements of animals (Earthworm, cockroach, birds, fish and snakes) 16 4: Plants – 4: Pictorial Morphology Feature of 4.1 Characteristics of Plant Kingdom living things 4.1 Fungi 4.2 Habitat – various 4.2 Flowering & Non habitats of plants Flowering 4.3 Herbs, shrubs and 4.3 Algae trees 4.4 Bryophytes 4.4 Parts of plant 4.5 Pteridophytes 4.4.1 Root, stem, 4.6 Gymnosperms leaves and 4.7 Angiosperms flowers 4.8 Monocotyledons STANDARD IX STANDARD X (Microscopic structure of the tissues involved for each system) 16 18 4: Structure and Physiological Functions of Plants 4.1 Plant cells 4.2 Plant tissues 4.3 Plant Functions 4.3.1Photosynthesis 4.3.2.Transpiration, 4.3.3.Respiration, 4.3.4.Transportation 4.4 Plant Nutrition 15 4: Reproduction in Plants 4.1 Modes of reproduction - vegetative, asexual and sexual reproduction in plants 4.2 Pollination 4.3 Fertilization 4.4 Fruits and seeds 16 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI STANDARD VII 4.5 Modification of roots, stems, leaves 4.6 Kinds of stem 4.7 Movements in plants 4.8 Observation of plants & trees recording data, drawing . 16 Periods 5. World of Animals 6. Bio Diversity 5.1 Different types of organisms 5.2 Unicellular and multi cellular organisms Periods 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 5: Basis of Classification 5.1 Need for classification 5.2 The 5 kingdom classification 5.3 Binomial Nomenclature STANDARD VIII STANDARD IX Dicotyledons Structure of root Structure of stem Structure of leaf. 4.5 Movements in plants. 4.6. Sensitivity in plants. 16 STANDARD X formation 4.5 Seed dispersal 18 15 5: Micro 5: Animal Kingdom 5: A Representative Organisms Study of Mammals 5.1 Virus, bacteria, algae, 5.1 Invertebrates Morphology fungi and protozoa. 5.2 Vertebrates --focus on 5.1 Habitats 5.2 Uses of special features in 5.2 Adaptations microorganisms in addition to basic 5.3 Basic Physiological medicine, agriculture, functions. Functions. industry and daily 5.3 Various Modes of 5.4 Circulatory system in living reproduction in animals man. 5.3 Harmful ( asexual and sexual 5.5 Excretory system in microorganisms reproduction) man. 5.4 Microbes in food 5.4 Reproduction in human 5.6 Relationship of preservation. 5.5 Fertilization structure to functions 5.5 Relationship between 5.6 Development of embryo 5.7 Animal Behaviour man & microbes – 5.7 Viviparous 5.8.1 Behaviour Balances, imbalances 5.8 Oviparous (social,reproductive, and uses. 5.9 Young ones to adult parental care) 5.8.2 Some case studies from researchers(animals behavior) 14 16 20 15 17 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic 6. Life Process Periods 7. Environmental Science Ecology STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII STANDARD IX 6. Structural 6: Respiration in 6: Diversity in Organization of Cell Plants and Animals Living Organism 6.1 The cell 6.1 Need for 6.2 Types of cell respiration 6.1 Cell as a fundamental 6.3 Plant and animal cell 6.2 Respiration in unit of life – type of comparison The cell human being. human cells related to structure and functions 6.3 Respiration in functions. animals 6.2 Structure & function of 6.4 Respiration in all organelles in brief. plants 6.3 Organization-- cells – tissues – organs – organ system. 6.4 Homeostasis. 6.5 Cellular respiration. 6.6 Metabolism. 6.7 Design of the body – based on function – some examples. 14 7: Ecosystem 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 STANDARD X 6: Cells and Tissues 6: Life Processes 6.1 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells 6.2 Multi cellular organisms 6.1 Definition 6.3 Cell as a basic unit of 6.2 Types of nutrition and life. human digestive 6.3.1 Cell membrane system and Cell wall 6.3 Respiration 6.3.2 Cytoplasm 6.4 Transportation in 6.3.3 Cell organelles plants-water and 6.4 Nucleus, minerals and animals 6.4.1 Chromosomesblood circulation DNA structure 6.5 Excretion in plants and 6.5 Cell division and types, animals stages of mitosis. 6.6 Nervous system 6.6 Diffusion /exchange of 6.7 Coordination in plants substances between cells 6.8 Movement due to and their environment growth 6.7 Tissues 6.9 Hormones in animals Types, structure and function of plant tissues 20 7: Conservation of Plants 7: Bio-Geochemical and Animals Cycle Ecosystem (Biotic 7.1 Conservation of forest 7.1 Life –non-life and abiotic and wild life interactions (biotic & factors) 7.2 Deforestation and abiotic factors) Food chain aforestation 7.2 Water cycle Food web 7.3 Flora and fauna 7.3 Nitrogen cycle Flow of Energy 7.4 Endangered species 7.4 Carbon cycle Biomes 7.5 Red data book 7.5 Oxygen cycle The different 7.6 Migration biomes--7.7 Wildlife sanctuary and 18 15 7: Conservation of Environment 7.1 Bio degradable and non bio degradable wastes 7.2 Water management 7.3 Wild life sanctuaries 7.4 Balance in Ecosystem 7.5 Coal and petroleum 7.6 Green chemistry 18 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII vegetation & climatic zones 7.6.1 Important of forest 7.6.2 Different flora & fauna in the biomes Periods 8. Environmental 8.Our Environment 8.1 Garbage Science – Resource use and 8.2 Disposal of garbage 8.3 Vermi compositing Management 8.4 Pollution 8.5 Types of pollution – Air, water, land and noise pollution STANDARD IX STANDARD X National park 7.8 Threats to biodiversity 7.9 Traditional knowledge & people’s initiatives in biodiversity conservation 7.10 Human wildlife conflicts 14 8. Water –A 8: Pollution of Precious Air, Water and Soil 8.1 Air pollution Resource 8.1 Availability of 8.1.1 Sources of air water pollution 8.2 Sources of water 8.2 Water pollution 8.3 Forms of water 8.2.1 Sources of 8.4 Ground water water pollution 8.5 Depletion of 8.3 Water purification water 8.4 Land pollution 8.6 Distribution of 8.5 Sources of land water pollution 8.7 Scarcity of water 8.6 Science today – Bio 8.8 Water pole – easily management— decomposable and rain water reusable plastics harvesting 8.9 Science today – 8.9.1 Drinking ice berg 8.9.2Desalination of sea water 7.7 Science today – Towards a global village 16 7 8: Pollution and Ozone Depletion 8.1 Kinds of pollution 8.1.1Air pollution 8.1.2Water pollution 8.1.3Soil pollution 8.1.4Radio active pollution 8.1.5Noise pollution 8.2. Global warming 8.2.1.Green house effect 8.3 Ozone layer depletion 8.4 Science today – Oil spills 15 8: Waste Water Management 8.1 Journey of water 8.2 Sewage 8.3 Treatment 8.4 Domestic practices 8.5 Sanitation and diseases 8.6 Alternate arrangement for sewage disposal 8.7 Sanitation in public places 8.8 Energy Management 8.8.1 Energy audit (home, school) 8.8.2 Renewable sources (solar, hydrogen, wind) 8.8.3 Non–renewable sources—(coal, petroleum, natural gas) 19 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII STANDARD IX STANDARD X 8.9.3 Sweet water on earth Periods 9. Matter 8.8.4 Bio-fuels— generation & use 8.8.5 Energy Conservation & How we can help. 17 9 Separation of 9: Matter in our Substances Surroundings 9.1 Separation and its importance 9.1 Physical nature of 9.1.1 Definition matter 9.2 Methods of 9.2 Characteristics of separation (hand particles of matter picking, winnowing, 9.3 States of matter sieving, magnetic 9.4 Effect of separation, temperature on sedimentation, solid, liquid decantation, and gas. filtration, evaporation, condensation and crystallization) 9.3 Need of Separation by more than one method . 16 9: Elements and Compounds Around us 9 .1 Types of pure substances 9.2 Element 9.2.1Occurrence of elements in Nature 9.2.2 Elements found in Human Body 9.2.3 Classification of elements based on states (solids, liquids ,Gases) 9.2.4 Classification of Elements based on properties 9.3 Symbol of elements 9.4 Molecule of an element 9.5 Compound 9.5.1 Characteristics of Compounds 9.5.2 Classification of compounds 9.5.3 Uses of compounds-day to day life. 9.5.4 Molecule of compound 9.6 Formula of compound 13 9: Is Matter Around us Pure? 9.1 Mixtures 9.2 Characteristics of Mixtures 9.2.1 Difference between Mixtures compound 9.3 Types of Mixtures 9.3.1 Homogeneous mixtures and their Types 9.3.2 Heterogeneous mixtures and their Types 9.4. Separation of different components of Mixtures 9.4.1 Sublimation 9.4.2 Immiscible liquids 9.4.3 Miscible liquids 15 9 Solutions 9.1 Solute and Solvent 9.2 Types of Solutions 9.3 Solubility 9.4 Factors affecting Solubility 9.5 Problems 20 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII STANDARD IX STANDARD X 9.7 Valency 10. Periods Atomic Structure Periods 20 16 10. Atomic Structure 10.1 Ancient views of atomic structure 10.2 Laws of chemical Combination 10.3 Dalton’s atomic theory 10.3.1 Merits 10.3.2.Demerits 10.4 Electrical nature of matter 10.5 Discovery of Fundamental Particles 10.5.1 Discovery of Electrons 10.5.2 Properties of Cathode Rays 10.5.3 Discovery of Protons 10.5.4 Properties of fundamental particles 10.6 Atomic model 10.6.1. J.J. Thomson’s model of atom 10.6.2. Limitation of Thomson Model 16 11 10: Atomic structure 14 10: Atoms and Molecules 10.1 Modern atomic theory 10.2 Avogadro Hypothesis 10.2.1 Atomicity 10.2.2 Relation between vapour density and molecular mass of agas 10.3 Difference between Atom and Molecules 10.4 Relative Atomic Mass 10.5. Relative Molecular mass 10.6 Mole Concepts 10.6.1 Mole-Definition 10.6.2 Problems based on mole concept 10.1 10.2 Discovery of Nucleus Rutherford Experiment 10.3 Rutherford Model of Atom 10.3.1 Limitations 10.4 Bohrs Model of Atom 10.5 Discovery of Neutrons 10.6 Characteristics of Fundamental particles 10.6.1 Composition of Nucleus 10.7. Atomic number and Mass number 10.8 Isotopes 10.9 Electronic Configuration of Atoms 10.9.1 Valence Electrons and valency 11 14 21 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic 11. Exploring STANDARD VI 11: Changes Around us Chemical 11.1Classification of Changes and Formulation changes 11.2 Slow and fast 11.3 Reversible and irreversible 11.4 Desirable and undesirable 11.5 Periodic and non periodic 11.6 Exothermic and endothermic Periods 12. Exploring Chemical STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII 10:Matter and Its Nature 10.1 Physical Changes (crystallization, melting, evaporation, freezing and sublimation) 10.2 Chemical changes (rusting of iron, burning and curdling, chemical reaction of Baking Soda with lemon juice) 10.2.1Differences between physical and chemical changes 10.3 Acids, Bases and Salts 10.3.1 Acids, Bases and salts (used in our daily life) 10.3.2 Natural indicators (No Equations) 10.3.3 Neutralization (in everyday life) STANDARD IX STANDARD X 11 Chemical equation 11.1 Types of ions and radicals. 11.2 Learning to write chemical symbols and chemical formulae by crisscrossing valencies 11.3 Introduction to write chemical reactions 11.4 Balancing chemical equations 11.5Informations conveyed by chemical equation 11.6 Informations not conveyed by Chemical equation 18 11: Chemical Reactions 11.1 Types of chemical reactions 11.2 Rate of chemical reaction 11.2.1 Factors influencing the rate of the chemical reaction 11.3 Acids 11.3.1 Classification of acids 11.3.2 Chemical properties of acids 11.3.3 Uses of acids 11.4 Bases 11.4.1 Classification of bases 11.4.2 Chemical properties of bases 11.4.3 uses of bases 11.5 Identification of acids and bases 11.6 pH scale 11.6.1 pH paper 11.6.2 Importance of pH in everyday life. 11.7 Salts 11.7.1 Classification of salts 11.7.2 Uses of salts 11 12: Periodic Classification of Elements 13 12: Periodic Classification 22 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII STANDARD IX STANDARD X Families 12.1 Early attempts of classification of elements. 12.2 Mendeleev’s periodic table 12.3 Mendeleev’s classification of elements 12.3.1 Metals and Non-Metals 12.3.2 Physical properties of Metals and Non Metals 12.3.3 Chemical properties of Metals and Non Metals 12.3.4 Reactivity series 12.3.5 Uses of Reactivity series 12.3.6.Alloys 12.3.7 Uses of Alloys 12.3.8 Nano Science - Elements Modern periodic law Modern periodic table Characteristics of modern periodic table 12.4 Metallurgy 12.4.1 Introduction 12.4.2 Terminologies in metallurgy 12.4.3 Differences between Minerals and Ores 12.5 Occurrence of metals 12.6 Metallurgy of Al, Cu and Fe 12.6.1 Metallurgy of Aluminium 12.6.2 Metallurgy of Copper 12.6.3 Metallurgy of iron 12.7 Alloys 12.7.1 Methods of making alloys 12.7.2 Copper Aluminium and Iron alloys 12.8 Corrosion 12.8.1 Method s of preventing corrosion 14 Periods 13. Exploring the World of 12.1 12.2 12.3 13. Chemistry in Everyday Life 13.1 Synthetic fibers 13.2 Types and uses 13.3 Plastics 11. Combustion and Flame 11.1 Combustion and its type 11. Coal and Petroleum 11.1 Coal 11.1.1. Types of Coal 11.2 Petroleum 13. Chemical Bonds 13.1 Octet rule 13.2 Types of Chemical bond 13.3 Formation of Ionic 13 13. Carbon and its Compounds 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Compounds of carbon 13.3 Modern definition of 23 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI 13.4 Types and uses of plastics 13.5 Plastics and environment 13.6 Glass and uses 13.7 Cement and uses Soaps, detergents Preparation and uses. Periods 14. Matter and Measurement STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII 11.2 Fire control 11.2.1 Occurrence and 11.3 Flame and its Refining structure 11.3 Natural gas 11.4 Efficiency of fuels 11.4 Natural 11.5 Fuels and Resources environment limitation 11.5. Science today 18 14. Measurement 12. Measurement 14.1 Standard unit of 12.1 Idea of derived measurement (Length, quantities- Areatime and mass ) Volume and 14.2 SI unit Density of solids 14.3 Multiples and sub and liquids Multiples of units. 12.2 Concept of indirect measurement or STANDARD IX STANDARD X And Covalent bond 13.3.1 Common Properties of ionic compounds 13.3.2 Common Properties of covalent compounds 13.4 Differences between Ionic and covalent compounds 13.5 Coordinate covalent bond. 13.5.1.Common properties of coordinate compounds organic chemistry 13.4 Bonding in carbon and its compounds 13.5 Allotropy 13.6 Physical nature of carbon and its compounds 13.7 Chemical properties of carbon compounds 13.8 Homologous series 13.9 Hydrocarbons and their types 13.10 Functional groups 13.10.1 Classification of organic compound based on functional group. 13.11 Ethanol 13.12 Ethanoic acid 16 12.Measurement S.I. System of unitsTemperature Electric current Amount of substance Luminous intensity Angle, Solid Angle 13 14. Measuring Instruments 14.1 Concept of small Measurements 14.2 Measuring Length 14.2.1. Vernier Calipers 14.3.Measuring mass & 13 14. Measuring Instruments 14.1.Screw Gauge 14.2.Measuring long Distances – Astronomical distance, light year. 24 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII STANDARD IX estimation- Example (Time- Simple pendulum) 12.3 Measuring astronomical distances Periods 15. Forces and Movement 17 STANDARD X Weight – Concept of various balances-common balance, Spring Balance,Physical balance, Digital balance(concept only) 14.4.Measuring Time Concept of various Clocks, Analog, Digital, Quartz, Atomic Clocks 4 15: Motion 13: Motion 13: Force and Pressure 15.1 Moving things around Definition us 13.1 Speed 13.1 State of motion 15.2 Types of Motion 13.2 Measuring speed 13.2. Action of force & its 15.3 Linear and Circular And Units of effects 15.4 Uniform and Non speed 13.4 Contact forces uniform 13.3 Distance- time 13.4. Non contact forces Science today - Robotgraph 13.4.1. Magnetic forces 13.4 Velocity 13.4.2 Gravitational force 13.5 Acceleration 13.4.3 Electrostatic force 13.6 Science today – 13.5. Pressure Adventures in 13.6. Pressure exerted by sports – like a liquids and gases bird flies 13.7. Pressure exerted by air 13.8. Atmospheric pressure 13.9. Pascal’s law 13.10. Friction 13.10.1.Factors affecting friction 9 15: Motion and liquids 15.1 Uniform and non uniform motion 15.2 Measuring the rate of motion 15.3 Rate of change of velocity 15.4 Graphical representation of motion 15.5 Equation of motion by graphical method 15.6 Uniform circular motion 15.6.1 Centripetal and centrifugal forces 15.7 Liquids 15.7.1 Up thrust & buoyancy 15.7.2 Archimedes 15.7.3 Relative 4 15: Laws of Motion and Gravitation 15.1 Balanced and imbalanced forces 15.2 First law of motion 15.3 Inertia and mass 15.4 Momentum 15.5 Second law of motionF=ma 15.6 Third law of motion 15.7 Conservation of momentum and proof 15.8 Moment of force and couple 15.9 Gravitation 15.9.1 Newton’s law of gravitation 15.9.2 Mass 15.9.3 Weight 1.5.9.4 Acceleration 25 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII STANDARD IX 13.10.2. Friction - necessary evil 13.10.3. Increasing and reducing friction Periods 16. Exploring Energy 14 16. Types of Energy 16.1. Sources of energy 16.2. Electricity, chemical, mechanical and solar energy 14: Electricity and Heat 14.1 Electric cell 14.2 An electric circuit 14.3 Symbols of electric components 14.4 Electric switch 14.5 Conductors and insulators 14.6 Heating effect of electric current 14.7 Magnetic effect of electric current 14.8 Electro magnet 14.9 Electric bell 14.10 Heat density 15.7.4 Explanation for a body wholly or partially immersed in a liquid 18 due to gravity 15.9.5 Mass of Earth Science TodayChandrayan, Cryogenic Techniques and Manned Space Station 20 15 16: Work, Power, Energy, 16: Electricity and and Heat Energy Three kinds of circuit- 16.1 16.1 Electric current and Work Simple, series and 16.2 Energy circuit parallel. 16.2.1 Potential energy 16.2 Electric potential and Conduction of potential difference 16.2.2 Kinetic energy electricity in liquids 16.3 Law of conservation of 16.3 Circuit diagram Chemical effects 16.4 Ohm’s law energy electric current 16.4 Rate of doing work or 16.5 Resistance of a Applications of power conductor Chemical effects of 16.5 16.6 System of resistors Unit of power electric current 16.6. Heat 16.7 Heating effect of Electroplating electric current 16.6.1 Thermal Capacity – Electric charges at Specific Heat Capacity 16.8 Joules law of heating rest 16.9 Role of fuse. 16.7 Change of State – Types of charges melting and 16.10 Domestic electric Transfer of boiling point. circuits. charges 16.11 Electric power 16.8 Kelvin’s scale Story of of Temperature 16.12 Chemical effect of lightening and electric current 16.9 Gas laws and Gas thunder equation 16.13 Electrolysis electro chemical cells Lightening – 16.14 Primary and Secondary safety 14: Electricity and Heat 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4. 14.4.1 14.5. 14.5.1 14.5.2 14.5.3 14.10.1 Sources of heat (sun, combustion (or) burning, STANDARD X 14.5.4 26 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII friction, electrical). 14.10.2 Hot and cold objects 14.10.3 Heat and temperature 14.10.4 Measuring temperature – Clinical and Laboratory thermometers Periods 17. Exploring Phenomena 14.6 14.6.1 14.7 15 STANDARD IX Heat Effects of Heat STANDARD X cells 16.15 Sources of Energy 16.15.1 Conventional sources of energy 16.15.2 Non- conventional source of energy 16.15.3 Nuclear energy 16.15.4 Radioactivity 16.15.5 Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion 16.15.6 Nuclear reactivity advantages 16.15.7 Hazards of nuclear energy 16.15.8 Science today – Energy from seas. Transfer of heat – conduction, convection and radiation 20 16 15 17.1 Magnetism 15: Light 15: Light 17: Sound 17: Magnetic Effect of 17.1 .1 Discovery of 15.1. Laws of reflection Electric Current and magnets 15.1 Reflection 15.1.1 Regular and 17.1 Production of sound Light 17.1.2 Magnetic and non 15.2 Plane Mirror irregular reflections 17.2 Propagation of sound 17.1 Magnetic field and magnetic materials (Right or left) 15.1.2Multiple reflections 17.3 Longitudinal and magnetic lines of force 17.1.3 Magnetic poles 15.3 Images of 15.1.3Multiple images Transverse waves 17.2 Magnetic field due to 17.1.4 Preparation of spherical mirrors 15.2. Refraction (Snell’s 17.4 Reflection of sound current carrying Magnets Science 15.4 Sunlight – seven law not included). 17.4.1 Echo conductor today – Flying colors – 15.3. Dispersion – using 17.4.2 Reverberation 17.2.1 Magnetic field trains dispersion & prism 17.5 Range of hearing due to current synthesis of 15.4 Total internal 17.6 Application of ultra carrying Straight colors – reflection sound (Sonar, Doppler conductor 17.2 Light 17.2.1 Sources of light Newton’s Disc. 15.5. Human eye – Image effect) 17.2.2 Magnetic field 17.2.2 Shadows formation due to current 17.2.3Path of light. 15.6. Sound carrying 17.2.4 Pinhole camera 15.6.1. Sound needs a Circular loop 17.2.5 Plane mirrors and medium for 17.3 Force on a current 27 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI reflection STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII propagation 15.6.2. Sound produced by human 15.6.3. Human ear and Hearing 15.6.4. Amplitude, Time period and frequency of vibration 15.6.5 Audible and Inaudible sounds. 15.6.6 Noise 15.6.7 Noise pollution 15.7. Science today – Fiber optics – sending message by light STANDARD IX STANDARD X carrying conductor in a magnetic field 17.3.1 Fleming left hand rule 17.4 Electric motor 17.5 Electromagnetic induction 17.5.1 Faraday’s experiments 17.6 Electric generator 17.7 Light 17.7.1 Reflection of light by Spherical mirrors – image formation and Mirror Formula 17.7.2 Refraction – Laws of refraction. 17.7.3 Refractive index 17.7.4 Refraction by spherical lenses 17.7.5 Image formation by lenses 17.7.6. Lens formula and magnification 17.7.7 Power of lens 17.7.8 Refraction of light through a prism 17.7.9 DispersionBy a glass prism 17.7.10 Atmospheric refraction 17.7.11 Human eye – 28 DTERT – COMMON SYLLABUS 2009 - SCIENCE Topic STANDARD VI STANDARD VII STANDARD VIII STANDARD IX STANDARD X Defects and rectification 17.7.12 Science today – Hubble space telescope 17 Periods 18. Technology “Naan Paarthen” “Naan Purindukonden” 18 “Unakku – Theriyuma?” 11 Practical and Projects 20 Practical and Projects 29